Abstract：The present study t tested 771 children aged 7-14 years in three typical tasks of randomness (0-dimension distribution; 1-dimension distribution; 2-dimension distribution) cognition. Results showed dynamic changes in the development of randomness cognition, increased during the age of 7 to 10 years old andthen decreased during the age of 11 to 14 year old. Specifically, in the cognition of 0-dimension distribution randomness the ability was gradually increased between 7 and 11 years old, and then was stable from 12 to 14 years old. In 1-dimension distribution randomness cognition, the ability was increased between 7 to 10 years old, fast decreased at the age of 11 years old and was stable during the age of 13 to 14 years. However, in 2-dimension distribution randomness cognition, the ability was at low level during 7 and 14 years old. In conclusion, the present study provides new evidence for understanding the development of randomness cognition. The ability of randomness cognition was dynamically changes with age (early increase and late decrease) and this developmental profile is mainly due to the development of 1-dimension distribution randomness cognition. Age 10 and age 11 are crucial periods of development of randomness cognition.
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